Stranica 4 [4]
OCR
XeAeSe July 520 - page four s small, independent farms are left without the owner or without the son or help who carried on the work, Number of suicides are reported from peasants who did not want to survive the ruin of their families and of their land, Certain expert labor forces are finally secured from the East and appear inéreasingly in all Hungarian key industries. They are Russians trained for a double purpose, an industrial and a political ones specialized workers they ean lead, foster and control the output of the industry in which they are placed; and in ease of necessity they are already on the spot and able to gake over the whole produetion for Soviet Russia, Besides constantly re-@nforeing the number of industrial labor as such, production authorities hhve also to inerease the output of each individual worker, Starting with June ist, a system of norms is imposed in a number of industries, These norms are established, according to Soviet methods, on the production level anc speed reached by the stakhanovist groupe Workers who do not fill that daily norm are proportionally reduced in their s&garies. The advantage of that system is a two-fold ones: it forces workers to ever-inereasing efforts and it lowers the burden of wages to be paid out by industry, Simultaneously measure are enforced, punishing any evidenee of “Lowered working discipline". Employees who are late at work or miss without accepted reason are punished by prison, by loss of their home ete. Eeonomie production. Con ons in e different branches of Hungarian economy show wide-range difference, according to their usefulness to strategic and party purposes. The whole Hungarian imturke economy however is thrown out of balance by Soviet ruling and is foreed into an all-out re-organization and re-orientatione Mining and heavy industry are strongly fostered. But high pressure and speed do not always ereate best results. In some of the kombinats to be ereated by the Five-Year-Plan, - such as the iron and steel ceriter of "Sztalinvaros" built at Dunapentele, the coal mining center of Komlo, the large brick factory near Miskole, ma the actual : work has not yet started, although the plants have officially reached the stage of productione Freqgent changes of planning and overlapping authorities were the eauses of delay. Projects were statted and abandoneds costly buildings were errected, hwwever such items as electricity or means of transportation had been overlooked; or again machines were made on Russian models and not usable under Hungarian climate or conditions. In the building and inner decoration branches, activities are also to the highest, but do not solve the acute housing problem. With inereasing militarization and party activities, such construectio as military camps, strategic factories, official and party buildings receive absolute priority. Workers in newly-created industrial center usually live in woodden barracks and are fed by a community kitchen, where high prices are charged for the meal. In agriculture, the main purpose of official policy is to enforce the kolchose system, Farmers and farm labor are therefore drafted into industries; farmers are taxed with such high contributia 43
