Stranica 4 [4]
XeAeSe July 520
- page four s
small, independent farms are left without the owner or without the
son or help who carried on the work, Number of suicides are reported
from peasants who did not want to survive the ruin of their families
and of their land,
Certain expert labor forces are finally secured from the East and
appear inéreasingly in all Hungarian key industries. They are
Russians trained for a double purpose, an industrial and a political
ones specialized workers they ean lead, foster and control the output
of the industry in which they are placed; and in ease of necessity
they are already on the spot and able to gake over the whole
produetion for Soviet Russia,
Besides constantly re-@nforeing the number of industrial
labor as such, production authorities hhve also to inerease the
output of each individual worker, Starting with June ist, a system
of norms is imposed in a number of industries, These norms are
established, according to Soviet methods, on the production level anc
speed reached by the stakhanovist groupe Workers who do not fill that
daily norm are proportionally reduced in their s&garies. The
advantage of that system is a two-fold ones: it forces workers to
ever-inereasing efforts and it lowers the burden of wages to be paid
out by industry, Simultaneously measure are enforced, punishing
any evidenee of “Lowered working discipline". Employees who are late
at work or miss without accepted reason are punished by prison, by
loss of their home ete.
Eeonomie production.
Con ons in e different branches of Hungarian economy
show wide-range difference, according to their usefulness to
strategic and party purposes. The whole Hungarian imturke economy
however is thrown out of balance by Soviet ruling and is foreed into
an all-out re-organization and re-orientatione
Mining and heavy industry are strongly fostered. But high
pressure and speed do not always ereate best results. In some of the
kombinats to be ereated by the Five-Year-Plan, - such as the iron and
steel ceriter of "Sztalinvaros" built at Dunapentele, the coal mining
center of Komlo, the large brick factory near Miskole, ma the actual :
work has not yet started, although the plants have officially reached
the stage of productione Freqgent changes of planning and overlapping
authorities were the eauses of delay. Projects were statted and
abandoneds costly buildings were errected, hwwever such items as
electricity or means of transportation had been overlooked; or again
machines were made on Russian models and not usable under Hungarian
climate or conditions.
In the building and inner decoration branches, activities
are also to the highest, but do not solve the acute housing problem.
With inereasing militarization and party activities, such construectio
as military camps, strategic factories, official and party buildings
receive absolute priority. Workers in newly-created industrial center
usually live in woodden barracks and are fed by a community kitchen,
where high prices are charged for the meal.
In agriculture, the main purpose of official policy is to
enforce the kolchose system, Farmers and farm labor are therefore
drafted into industries; farmers are taxed with such high contributia
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