Page 98 [98]
OCR
76 THE GROWTH OF THE CITY / encroaches eastwards on the former meeting-place of the citizens. The Watling Street could no longer pass by that way, and the road to Newgate now ran through Cheap. There was no thoroughfare through St. Paul’s Churchyard, the gates at either end being only opened when the king came in or went out. All meaner folk had to find their way to Ludgate by Carter Lane and Broadway, and even the wall was here diverted from its old direct line from Ludgate to the Thames by an angle contrived to take in the great house and church of the Black Friars. The friars 2a) had covered the sites of the old castles of Montfitchet and Baynard, while a oe AAA new house, called Baynard’s Castle, had been built farther east, and was in the reign of Edward IV the residence of the king s SMITHFIELD mother. The suburbs had considerably increased, but were all, as far as Holborn Bars, Temple Bar, and other exterior defences, within the city jurisdiction. The aspect of the people had also greatly changed. The muffling necessary in the thirteenth century had given place to more elegant costumes, especially indoors, where improved masonry and
