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62 THE GROWTH OF THE CITy zens and their amusements than about their public buildings or the topography of the city. ‘True, he says there were in his s aa infer that he does not include Dowgate, the Bridgegate, or Billingsgate. We know that Aldgate was opened about sixty years before Fitz Stephen's time. Aldersgate also must have been made very soon after the Conquest, and probably Cripplegate, with its covered way to the Barbican, cannot have been much later. These, with Newgate and Bishopsgate, only give us five. For the ONE OF THE ENTRANCES TO LEADENHALL MARKET sixth and seventh we may choose either Ludgate—a mere postern, as its name denotes—or the postern towards the Tower; and conjecture that he included the gate on the bridge, which was, of course, on higher ground than the water gates. As a fact we know that a full hundred years after his time the following only are enumerated as being specially guarded: Ludgate and Newgate together, Ludgate being still, in all probability, but small; Aldersgate, Bishopsgate, Aldgate, and the " Porta Pontis.” But to resume:
