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buildings, now still marked by a Roman bath. ‘This knoll would be approached by a narrow path from Holborn, now called Shoe, properly Show- well, Lane. Westward the Strand, like Fleet Street, would be under water and there would be no access to the city where Ludgate afterwards stood. When we have entered at Newgate we find a. wide open space, then or THE GROWTH OF THE CITY 57 south-east, passing the east end of St. Paul’s, and just touching the |